Steam turbine-engine.



i. LOWIS.

STEAM TURBINE ENGINE.

APPucATloN man APR.25. 19H.

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N e i5 summe/ea I/C I. LowIs.

STEAM TUHBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APII.25, 1911.

1,257,261. Peeeeted Beb.19,191 8.

-3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. LOWIS.

STEAM TURBlNE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.25. 1911.

Patented Feb.19, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 JAMES LOWS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

" d STEAM russian-ENGINE.

Patented Feb. 19, 1918.

Application filed April 25, 1917. Serial No. 164,433.-

To all whom t may Concern:

Beit known that l, Janes Lowis. a citizen of the United States, residingat Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Steam Turbine-Engines; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

The invention relates to improvements in steam turbine engines.

rlhe object of the present invention is to provide a simple. practicaland eflicient steam turbine engine adapted to utilize to a maximumdegree the power of steam introduced into it, and capable of permittingsteam to act successively on a plurality of rotors and adapted toincrease the leverage of the rotors with the reduction in the power ofsteam through the expenditure of energy( A. further object of theinvention is to provide a steam turbine engine of this character adaptedto have steam introduced into it at the center and capable of causingthe same in passing to the successive rotors to pursue a zigzag courseand impinge against the rotors at an angle to the same.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a double steam turbineengine adaptcd to afford a steam tight, connection between the rotorsand the shaft and capable of ro tating the same in either direction.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction and novel combination of parts hereinafter fully described,illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the claimshereto appended; it being understood that various changes in the forni,proportion, size and minor details of construction, within the scope ofthe claims, may be resorted to withont departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

ln the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a double steam turbineengine constructed in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig..3 is a similarl View on the line 3 3 of Fig'. 1 l

`Like numerals of reference designate cor`-^ responding parts in all thefigures of the drawings;

In the accompanying drawings, in which is illustrated the preferredembodiment of the invention, the double rotary turbine engine comprisesin its construction two reversely arranged engine units or engines 1 and2 mounted on a common shaft` 3 and adapted to be rotated to turn theshaft either to the rightor the left. The re-versely arranged units orengines 1 and 2 are arranged within an outer approximately cylindricalcasing t provided with a suitable base 5 and preferably composed ofsections bolted or otherwise secured together at 6. and while the casingis indicated in the drawings as consisting of four sections it may be ofany other desired construction as will be readily understood. Thecylindrical casing is provided at its ends or heads with flangedopenings 7 through which passes the engine shaft 3 which is mounted insuitable bearings S exteriorly of the casing. Any suitable means may beemployed for mounting the shaft 3 and any suitable means may be employedfor transmitting motion from the shaft. The engine is adapted to beemployed for various purposes.

The casing 4t receives stationary and rotary circular sections 9 and 10,which are provided at their inner faces with annular concentric groovesfor the reception of the ends of stationary and movable cylinders, themovable cylinders constituting rotors and being suitably secured to therotary sections 9 and the stationary cylinders constituting casings andprovided with steam ports and suitably secured to the stationarysections 10. The grooves, which extend into the station ary and rotarycircular sections, are concentrically arranged and permit the cylindersto form steam tight joints or connections.

The steam is introduced into the steam turbine engine at each endthereof through a diametrically disposed steam inlet passage 11extending through the stationary section 10 from the periphery thereofto the center of the same, and the said stationary section is providedwith longitudinal steam passages 12, which communicate with an annularsteam space 13 located between a steam seal 111 and an inner highpressure stationary cylinder 15. The steam sealing member 14, which maybe constructed of any suitable material, surrounds the shaft and extendsthe entire length of the space between the stationary and movablesections and it is secured at its outer end at 16 to the tubular shaft aglands and other packing for this purpose.

The inner high pressure stationary cylinder l5 is provided with steamports 2O arranged at an inclination and adapted to introduce steam intoa high pressure rotor 2l, which is arranged Within an intermediatecylinder or casin e stationary cylinder 15 'is provi( with ot the portsor openiin 20, as shown, and any number of the sai-l ports or openingsmay be provided and thev are set at L,u angle and arranged at inde-valsthroughout the length ot the stationary cylindrical cas The highpressure rotor 2l is protr ded with steam pockets f3 cross-sectionallytapered and forming shoulders against which the steam iinpinges andarranged in spaced relation with the stationaryv cylinder or casing Thehigh pressure steam rotor il is also provided with exhaust ports 2textending trom the pocket 23. rThese ports or openings je permit thesteam to pass into the intermediate cylinder or casing and the latter isprovided with ports or openings 25 arrar d at intervals and which :maybe of any ne Lred number.

rlhe steam is introducen. from the interined'ate cylinder or casing toan intermediate rotor 26 coiistructed substantially the same the highpressure rotor and provided .vith pockets 2T and exhaust ports 2Sthrough which the steam passes into ports 29 of a lovv pressure cylinderor casing 30, which admits the steam to a lcsv pressure rotor 3l. Theloiv pressure rotor is provided with pockets and it has exhaust ports orpassages 33 which are adapted to communicate With ports or passages 34of an outer cylindrical Wall or cylinder The outerx cylinder or ivall isarranged in spaced relation With the outer casing to provide anintervening space 36 for the exhaust of steam. A suitable condenser,(not shown) is connected with the space 36 for the condensation of theexhaust steam, and the rotary steam turbine engine has `the advantage ofthe lou'v pressure resulting` from the coudensation of the steam andthereby obtains the maxim-um amount of povver from the same, and it isunnecessary to exhaust steam into the atmosphere at. a pressure inexcess of atmosphericl pressure.

The rotors and the cylindrical members or casings of each section orunit of the double engine are secured to the stationary and movablesections by screws 37 and 38, or other suitable fastening means, and thegrooves 39 of the stationary sections in which the rotors operate are ofgreater depth than the grooves t0 of the rotary section in which therotors are secured., and likewise the grooves il of the rotary section,in which the stationary members operate, are of greater depth than thegrooves t2 provided in the stationary section for the attachment ot thestationary cylinders or casings. By providing the deep grooves at themoving parts, stean'i tight connections are atlorded and suitablepacking may of course be employed if desired.

rEhe concentric cylinders, Which form the rotors and casings and providethe zigzag passages for the steam, preferably increase in thickness fromthe center' outwardly, and the ports or openings may be tapered, rasshown, if desired.

Pipes 43 and 4A- are connected with the steam inlet passages of thestationary sections l0 and any suitable means may'oiE course be employedfor controllingthe feed of steam to the units or sections ol the doublesteam turbine engine. The rotary sections 9, which are suitably securedtothe shaft 3, are bolted together at 45, as shown, and when steam isadmitted to either of the units or sections l and 2 the shaft Will =berotated, one of the units or sections rotating the shaft in onedirection and the other unit or section reversing the rotary movement ofthe shaft. The rotary sections 9 fit `Within the cylindrical casing anddivide the exhaust steam space 36 into separate chambers or compartmentsso that the exhaust from one unit or section will not pass into thespace 36 ot' the other unit or section of the engi-ne.

The stationary sections are preferably equipped with steam gages 46, 17and t8 having pipes 49, 50 and 51 extending through the stationarysections and communicating' with the high pressure steam, theintermediate pressure steam and the l'oW pressure steam for enabling thepounds of pressure to be readily ascertained.

What is claimed is:

l. A turbine engine including?,` a casing havinga steam inlet passage,stationary and movable sections located Within the casing, and a seriesof concentric cylindrical rotors and stationary members, the rotorsbeing interposed between the stationary cylindrical members and securedto and 'carried by the movable sections and the stationaryl cylindricalmembers being secured to the sta-y tionary sections, the rotors` andcylindrical members being provided with ports for the passage of steamandthe rotors having con tinuous grooves forming pockets adapted to beengaged by the steam whereby the rotors are actuated, said rotors beingalsoprovided at intervals With ports communicating with the grooves'. y

2. A turbine engine of the'class 'described including an outer casing,xed and 'mov-H JOD able sections mounted Within the casing, a pluralityor" stationary cylindrical members secured to the stationary section andprovided With ports, a plurality. of cylindrical rotors secured to themovable section and incased between the cylindrical members and havingports, said ports being set at an angle for causing the fluid underpressure to be directed against the rotors at an angle, said rotorsbeing provided also With continuous grooves forming shoulders againstWhich the said luid impinges, the ports of the rotors being arranged atintervals along the grooves.

3. A turbine engine of the classdescribed including an outer casing,ixed and movable sections mounted Within the casing, a plurality ofstationary cylindrical members secured to the stationary section andprovided with ports, a plurality of cylindrical rotors secured to themovable section and incased between the cylindrical members and havingports, said ports being set at an angle for causing the fluid underpressure to be directed against the rotors at an angle, said rotorsbeing also provided with transversely tapered continuous grooves:torming pockets having inclined Walls and forming shoulders againstwhich the fluid under pressure impinges, the ports of the rotors beingarranged at intervals and extending from the apex of each groove.

t. A turbine engine of the class described including a casing, fixed andmovable sections mounted Within the casing, a shaft extending throughthe sections and secured to the movable section, a plurality ofstationary and movable cylinders connected respectively with thestationary and movable sections, the innermost cylinder being arrangedin spaced relation with the shaft to provide a steam space, and a steamsealing member of cylindrical form surrounding the shaft and extendingentirely across the space between the said sections to exclude steamfrom the shaft, one end of the steam sealing member being secured to thestationary section and the other end being extended into the movablesection to form an overlapping connection.

5. *A turbine engine including .a casing of cylindrical form7 a shaftextending through the casing, stationary and movable circular sectionsarranged Within the casing, the stationary sections being located at theends of the casing and the movable sections being secured togetherintermediate of the ends of the said casing and fitting the interiorthereof for dividing the casing into separate compartments or chambers,cylindrical rotors and stationary members connected respectively withthe movable and stationary sections and provided With ports or passagesfor permitting steam to act successively on the rotors, the saidstationary sections being provided With steam inlet passages, and steamfeed pipes extending through the casing and communicating .with thepassages.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JAMES LOWIS.

Witnesses:

JOHN W. SMITH, CHARLES HOULDIN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. G.

